"Mailbox does not have an email server profile associated with it or the email server profile is inactive" error occurs in Dynamics 365

After clicking the Test & Enable Mailbox button in Dynamics 365, the test results show as Failure and the following error appears on the Alerts tab of the mailbox:

"Email cannot be received because the mailbox [Mailbox Name] does not have an email server profile associated with it or the email server profile is inactive.

Email Server Error Code: InvalidIncomingEmailServerProfile"

This error will appear if the user's mailbox record in Dynamics 365 either does not have a value specified for the Server Profile field or the associated server profile is deactivated.

1. Open the mailbox record in Dynamics 365 and verify the Server Profile field has a value selected.
2. If a value is already selected, open the associated server profile and review the Status shown at the bottom of the page.
3. If the Email Server Profile shows a status of Inactive, follow these steps:
   1. Navigate to Settings, Email Configuration, and Email Server Profiles.
   2. Switch the view to Inactive Email Server Profiles. 
   3. Select the Email Server Profile, click Activate and then click OK.
4. Switch back to the mailbox record and then click the Test and Enable Mailbox button. 
5. If any test results show as Failure, view the Alerts section.