"The database file cannot be found" error when you configure Microsoft Dynamics CRM for Microsoft Office Outlook

When you try to configure Microsoft Dynamics CRM for Microsoft Office Outlook, you receive the following error message:

"There is a problem communicating with the Microsoft Dynamics CRM server. The server might be unavailable. Try again later. If the problem persists, contact your system administrator."

When you click details, the following additional detail is shown:

  The database file cannot be found. Check the path to the database. [ Data Source = C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local\Microsoft\MSCRM\Client\MetadataCache-93d47f8c-8eb3-45a6-98c8-d668f4ff9b4c.sdf ]    at System.Data.SqlServerCe.SqlCeConnection.Open(Boolean silent)
   at System.Data.SqlServerCe.SqlCeConnection.Open()
   at Microsoft.Crm.Application.SMWrappers.CrmSqlCeConnection.Open()
   at Microsoft.Crm.Application.SMWrappers.CrmSqlCeConnection.ExecuteInNewConnection[TReturn](String connectionString, Func`2 actions, Func`2 exceptionHandler, Boolean disposeConnection)
   at Microsoft.Crm.Application.Outlook.ClientMetadataCache.SqlCeManager.GetObjectsReader(MetadataCollectionInfo info, IList`1 requiredValues)
   at Microsoft.Crm.Application.Outlook.ClientMetadataCache.SqlCeManager.GetObjectsReader(MetadataCollectionInfo info)
   at Microsoft.Crm.Application.Outlook.ClientMetadataCache.MetadataCacheManager.GetObjectsDataReader(MetadataCollectionInfo info)
   at Microsoft.Crm.Application.Outlook.ClientMetadataCache.Collections.OnDemandMetadataCollection`1.CreateEnumerator()
   at Microsoft.Crm.Application.Outlook.ClientMetadataCache.Collections.OnDemandBaseCollection`1.System.Collections.IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
   at Microsoft.Crm.Caching.UserEntityUISettingsCache.LookupEntries(Guid userId, IOrganizationContext context, DynamicMetadataCache cache)
   at Microsoft.Crm.Application.Outlook.Config.OutlookConfigurator.InitializeMapiStoreForFirstTime()
   at Microsoft.Crm.Application.Outlook.Config.OutlookConfigurator.Configure(IProgressEventHandler progressEventHandler)
   at Microsoft.Crm.Application.Outlook.Config.ConfigEngine.Configure(Object stateInfo)