FIX: The "getSQLState" method returns an incorrect SQL state code value of an exception in Microsoft SQL Server JDBC Driver 3.0

How to reproduce this issue

1. Run the following statement in SQL Server Management Studio. This statement creates a table.

   CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Tbl1](
         [Col1] [nvarchar](50) NULL
   ) ON [PRIMARY]
   GO 

2. Run the following statement in SQL Server Management Studio. This statement creates a unique clustered index.

   CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED INDEX [IDX_COL1] ON [dbo].[Tbl1] 
   (
         [Col1] ASC
   )WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, DROP_EXISTING = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
   GO 

3. Run the following statement in SQL Server Management Studio. This statement inserts a record into the table.

   insert  [dbo].[Tbl1] (col1) values ('aaa') 

4. Create a Java-based application that includes the following code, and then run the application. This code inserts a duplicate record.

     try {
                       //logger.log(Level.FINE, "starting log");
                   Class.forName ("com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver");
                   String connectionUrl = "jdbc:sqlserver://<SQL Server Name>;database=<database name>;user=<Login Name>;password=<Login Password>;XOpenStates=true";
                   Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionUrl);
    
                   Statement stat = con.createStatement();
    
                   stat.execute("insert into Tbl1 values ('aaa')");
    
                   con.close();
    
          }
    
           catch(SQLException ex)
           {
               //logger.log(Level.FINE,"exception");
    
               System.out.println("SQL Error Message= " + ex.getMessage());
            String sqlState = ex.getSQLState();
    
             System.out.println("SQLState="+sqlState);
        
               System.out.println("SQL Error Code=" +ex.getErrorCode());
    
           }